Elements perceived as figures (objects of focus) or ground (rest of perceptual field)
The relationship between the two essentials asserts that people divide visual elements into either category. The relationship can be represented in pictures, and other visual stimuli. When both are clear within a composition, the affiliation is successful. The figure must be better remembered than the ground in order for this to be achieved. How to determine each category:
- figure has shape/ground shapeless
- figure closer/ground continues behind figure
Law of Pragnanz
Interpretation of ambiguous images as simple and complete versus complex and incomplete
The interpretation of ambiguous imagery which has a simple form, simple being with lesser detail or elements, symmetrical rather than asymmetrical compositions. The human mind has been shown to process simple imagery more easily than complex ones. Eliminating parts of a composition make it clearer to the viewer which helps in bringing across the message of the piece.
ProximityRelativity based on closeness of elements
This Law of Gestalt asserts that when things are closer together they are interpreted as being related. This overwhelms other competing visual elements. For example: ensuring that a label and supporting information is near an element in which it directly explains or refers to enforces the idea of relation between the two.
by Gio Petrucci, Gillian Chen & Kaylyn Frecker
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